const path = require('path');

const p = '/var/sample.txt';

// containing dir
console.log(path.dirname(p));
// filename
console.log(path.basename(p));
// ext
console.log(path.extname(p));
// file name without ext
console.log(path.basename(p, path.extname(p)));

// build abs path
const userName = 'steve';
console.log(
    path.resolve('/', 'users', userName, 'notes.txt')
);
// full path with cwd
console.log(
    path.resolve('sample.txt')
);
// normalize
console.log(
    path.resolve('/users/steve/..//sample.txt')
);